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ALTA/ACSM Land Title Survey

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An ALTA survey is prepared according to a set of minimum standards that have been jointly prepared and adopted by the American Land Title Association and the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping.  An ALTA survey shows improvements, easements, rights-of-way, and other elements impacting the ownership of land.  An ALTA Survey is often prepared for commercial properties, as it will provide the title company with the information required to insure the title to the land and improvements to the high degree that a commercial development may require.


 Boundary Survey (Lot Staking)

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The surveyor thoroughly examines the historical records relating to the land in question and often all lands surrounding it.   The field work begins after the research and involves establishing a control network of known points called a traverse. The points are used to search for and locate existing monuments and other evidence of the boundaries. Although the field portion of a survey is the most visible phase of surveying, it usually represents only a third of the entire project.  The results of the field work are compared with the research and the surveyor then reconciles all the information to arrive at a final conclusion about the boundaries.  A second field trip is then needed to set the new monuments.  Finally, the surveyor will draft a sketch detailing the results of the survey.

 

Certified Plot Plan

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All Cities and Towns require Certified Plot Plans to be submitted for certain projects. Most often property owners are required to submit a Certified Plot Plan whenever they are making a permanent improvement on their property. Property owners should check with their local building department whenever considering placing, erecting or constructing an improvement on their property.

Preparation of a Certified Plot Plan involves the location of established monuments or survey control points, which are then mathematically tied in to the property being surveyed. This process utilizes sophisticated, state-of-the-art equipment, and precisely locates both the property lines and the improvements on the property in relation to those property lines. 

The process begins with research conducted on locus and the abutting properties at the town hall and Registry of Deeds. Deeds and plans of record are examined and analyzed for completeness and accuracy. An investigation in the field is made to recover record monumentation and evidence of lines of occupation. The field survey crew then conducts a survey of the monuments and other evidence. This information is analyzed and compared to the record information. The field survey crew will also locate all buildings, driveways and any visible encroachments.

The field survey data is then analyzed and reconciled with the record data. The location of the building(s) is calculated along with the offset dimensions from the building(s) to the property lines. A plot plan is drawn showing the property lines, building(s) along with the offset dimensions, drive(s) and any visible encroachments. Also listed on the plan is the current zoning and the flood hazard zone designation. A certified statement attesting to the location of the building(s) is signed by the Professional Land Surveyor.

 

Elevation Certificate

 

An Elevation Certificate is a form that is used by the NFIP (National Flood Insurance Program) to provide supplemental information to that found on a FIRM (Flood Insurance Rate Map). It is used to provide a comparison of an actual elevation (determined by field measurement) to the Base Flood Elevation data that is associated with some Special Flood Hazard Areas. An elevation certificate can be used to provide information necessary to ensure compliance with community floodplain management ordinances, to determine the proper flood insurance premium rate, and/or to support a request for a Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA) or Letter of Map Revision (LOMR). Only a LOMA or LOMR from the Federal Emergency Management Agency can amend a Flood Insurance Rate Map and remove the Federal requirement that a lending institution require the purchase of flood insurance. Note that the lending institution may still require flood insurance without regard to the lack of a Federal requirement.

The fieldwork necessary to complete an elevation certificate involves the determination the actual elevation(s) of reference point(s) of the structure and the elevation of the adjacent grade. Which reference points are necessary is dependant on the type of structure (on slab, basement, or piers) and other characteristics as outlined on the certificate. The form will also require the base flood elevation information as published on the Flood Insurance Rate Map.

 

Mortgage Inspection Plan

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The mortgage plot plan is a tool used by lender’s to identify potential survey problems. Not to be confused with an instrument survey, the mortgage plot plan serves several very basic purposes: To satisfy part of a real estate closing, to certify compliance with zoning at the time of construction and to certify the flood zone status of the subject property for flood insurance purposes. Record documents are obtained at the Registry of Deeds or town offices to determine the lot configuration.  A physical inspection of the dwelling's exterior is made, with tape measurements to show the approximate location of the dwelling.  Information from the field is merged with record information to create a drawing of the property showing the approximate location of the dwelling on the lot.

In any circumstance where accuracy is required - for construction, location of fences, pools or other improvements - a plan prepared by instrument survey is necessary. No changes or designs should be made using a Mortgage Inspection - it is not intended for these purposes.

 

Topographic/Existing Conditions  Survey

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The distinguishing feature of a topographic survey is the determination of the location, both in planimetric (horizontal) and in elevation, of selected ground points which are necessary to the plotting of the contour lines and to the construction of the topographic plan.  Measurements, both horizontal and vertical, will be taken of the site and the site improvements to a precision compatible with the particular problem or project involved. Wherever possible, the elevations will be referenced to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum or some other locally recognized datum. Topographic elevations will taken to the nearest .01' for hard surfaces and .10' for ground shots.
An Existing Conditions Plan of the site will be drawn showing the site and the major site improvements, contours with spot elevations, lot lines, buildings, dimensions from the buildings to the lot lines, property corners whether found or set, and other improvements requested by the Client such as interior stone walls, wetlands, brooks, rivers, underground utilities, etc. Any observed encroachments will be noted. The plan shall also have a title block, north arrow, scale and any other information deemed pertinent. The recording data of the deed and any other plans utilized in the survey may be noted along with the flood hazard zone designation according to the flood maps.